RT Book, Section
A1 Hemstreet, Brian A.
A2 Sutton, S. Scott
SR Print(0)
ID 7253760
T1 Chapter 41. Inflammatory Bowel Disease
T2 McGraw-Hill's NAPLEX® Review Guide
YR 2011
FD 2011
PB The McGraw-Hill Companies
PP New York, NY
SN 978-0-07-175562-7
LK accesspharmacy.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=7253760
RD 2024/04/25
AB Inflammatory  bowel  disease  (IBD)  is  a  chronic  inflammatory  condition  that  affects  mainly  the  gastrointestinal  (GI)  tract  and  consists  of  two  major  subtypes,  ulcerative  colitis  (UC)  and  Crohn  disease  (CD).  The  incidence  of  UC  in  the  United  States  is  estimated  to  be  2  to  7  cases  per  100,000  population  per  year,  while  CD  is  reported  as  approximately  5  cases  per  100,000  population  per  year.1,2  While  the  underlying  pathophysiology  of  IBD  involves  an  abnormal  response  directed  against  the  intestinal  tract,  the  true  cause  of  IBD  has  not  been  identified.2,3  Both  genetic  and  environmental  factors  have  been  implicated  as  contributors  to  the  development  of  IBD.4  Inflammatory  bowel  disease  has  been  observed  to  occur  more  commonly  in  patients  who  report  a  positive  family  history  of  IBD.5  Another  leading  theory  is  that  the  inflammatory  response  is  induced  by  the  local  bacterial  flora  that  inhabit  the  human  GI  tract.3-6  Ultimately,  the  inflammatory  response  results  in  injury  to  the  GI  tract  that  may  vary  in  location,  depth,  severity,  and  duration.