| Blackwater Fever | Syndrome of hemolytic anemia, hemoglobinuria, and renal failure associated with massive parasitemia. |
| Cinchonism | Poisoning syndrome associated with quinine, quinidine, and Cinchona; symptoms include tinnitus, deafness, headache, blurry vision, and nausea. |
| Disulfiram Reaction | Syndrome that occurs due to coingestion of alcohol and disulfiram; disulfiram blocks aldehyde dehydrogenase, leading to accumulation of acetaldehyde; symptoms include nausea, headache, flushing, and hypotension. |
| G6PD Deficiency | Lack of enzyme important in the oxidation/reduction capabilities of the red blood cell; deficiency leads to hydrogen peroxide accumulation, which causes hemolysis. Hemolysis often associated with drugs that produce oxidative stress (eg, sulfonamides). |
| Gray Baby Syndrome | May be caused by deficiency of a hepatic enzyme required for the degradation of chloramphenicol or impaired renal function; syndrome is characterized by circulatory collapse, cyanosis (gray color), acidosis, abdominal distention, coma, and death. |
| Lassa Fever | A hemorrhage febrile illness associated with arenavirus infection. |
| Mazzotti Reaction | Syndrome of fever, urticaria, tender lymphadenopathy, arthralgias, abdominal pain, edema, hypotension, and tachycardia seen with treatment of microfilariasis with Ivermectin, Praziquantel, and Albendazole. |
| Methemoglobinemia | Accumulation of methemoglobin, which is a form of hemoglobin with a low oxygen affinity. Methemoglobinemia results in pseudocyanosis, tissue hypoxia, and death. |
| Stevens-Johnson Syndrome | Immunologic reaction characterized by lesions of the skin and mucous membranes; involves both the mouth and eyes. |
| Superinfection | A novel infection in addition to a pre-existing one. |
| Trachoma | Chronic inflammation of the conjunctiva caused by Chlamydia trachomatis. |