Clinical effects of these herbs are not based on evidence in all cases. Because herbal medications are not regulated by the FDA, their presence on the USMLE is negligible; however, they might be covered in a pharmacology course. |
Aloe Vera | Topical treatment of burns and other inflammatory conditions of the skin Topical treatment of inflammatory conditions of the skin (ie, psorasis & eczema) | | Topical use only recommended Oral form associated with renal failure, GI cancer and possibly fatal in high doses Multiple drug interactions with oral form |
Capsicum/Cayenne | Gastroprotective agent against mucosal injury caused by aspirin Topical treatment of pain associated with neuralgia, RA, and OA | | Avoid contact with eyes or genitalia Decreases bioavailability of aspirin and salicylic acid Limit use to 2 days every 2 weeks |
Cascara sagrada | | | Thiazide diuretics, antiarrhythmics, cardiac glycosides, and indomethacin Bowel obstruction, IBD, or abdominal pain of unknown origin |
Chondrotin | | | |
Cranberry | | | |
Echinacea | | Dizziness GI upset Headache Unpleasant taste | Immunosuppressant medications Immunodeficiency syndromes, autoimmune disorders, or TB Should not be taken for more than 8 weeks |
Feverfew | | Allergic dermatitis GI upset Rebound headaches | |
Garlic | Treatment of hyperlipidemia Treatment of arteriosclerosis Treatment of hypertension | Allergic reactions Fatigue GI upset Headache | |
Ginger | | Stomach cramps Neurological (HA, irritation, dizziness) Reproductive (decreased sperm count, decreased libido, gynecomastia in men) | |