| 1A, B, C | Preexponential constants for three-compartment model equation |
| a, b, c | Exponents for three-compartment model equation |
| α | Probability of making a type 1 error |
| β | Probability of making a type 2 error |
| α, β, γ | Exponents for three-compartment model equation (equivalent to a, b, c above) |
| λ1, λ2, λ3 | Exponents for three-compartment-type exponential equation (equivalent to a, b, c above; more terms may be added and indexed numerically with λ subscripts for multiexponential models) |
| Delta (Δ) | Delta is sometimes referred to as the “effect size” and is a measure of the degree of difference between tested population samples |
| μ0 | The null hypothesis value for the mean |
| μa | μa is the alternative hypothesis value expected for the mean |
| ϰ2 | Chi-square test |
| A or Ab | Amount of drug in the body of time t; see also DB |
| Ab∞ | Total amount of drug in the body |
| ABC | ABC transport protein |
| ABW | Average body weight |
| AE | Adverse event |
| ANCOVA | Analyses of covariance |
| ANDA | Abbreviated New Drug Application; see also NDA |
| ANOVA | Analysis of variance |
| API | Active pharmaceutical ingredient |
| AR | Absolute risk |
| ARI | Absolute risk increase |
| AUC | Area under the plasma level–time curve |
| [AUC]∞0 | Area under the plasma level–time curve extrapolated to infinite time |
| [AUC]t0 | Area under the plasma level–time curve from t = 0 to last measurable plasma drug concentration at time t |
| AUMC | Area under the (first) moment–time curve |
| BA | Bioavailability |
| BCS | Biopharmaceutics Classification System |
| BDDCS | Drug disposition classification system |
| BE | Bioequivalence |
| BioRAM | Biopharmaceutics Risk Assessment Roadmap |
| BLA | Biologic license application |
| BM | Biomarker |
| BMI | Body mass index |
| BRCP | Breast cancer-resistance protein (an ABC transporter) |
| BUN | Blood urea nitrogen |
| C | Concentration (mass/volume) |
| Ca | Drug concentration in arterial plasma |
| C∞av | Average steady-state plasma drug concentration |
| Cc or Cp | Concentration of drug in the central compartment or in plasma |
| Ccr | Serum creatinine concentration, usually expressed as mg% |
| CE | Clinical endpoint |
| Ceff | Minimum effective drug concentration |
| CGI | Concentration of drug in gastrointestinal tract |
| CI | Confidence interval |
| Cm | Metabolite plasma concentration |
| Cmax | Maximum concentration of drug |
| C∞max | Maximum steady-state drug concentration; see also Cssmax |
| Cmin | Minimum concentration of drug |
| C∞max | Minimum steady-state drug concentration; see also Cssmin |
| Cp | Concentration of drug in plasma |
| C0p | Concentration of drug in plasma at zero time (t = 0) (equivalent to C0) |
| C∞p | Steady-state plasma drug concentration (equivalent to Css) |
| Cpn | Last measured plasma drug concentration |
| Css | Concentration of drug at steady state |
| Cssav | Average concentration at steady state |
| Cssmax | Maximum concentration at steady state |
| Cssmin | Minimum concentration at steady state |
| Ct | Concentration of drug in tissue |
| cGMP | Current Good Manufacturing ... |