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This chapter will be most useful after having a basic understanding of the material in Chapter 36, Pulmonary Pharmacology in Goodman & Gilman’s The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 12th Edition. In addition to the material presented here, the 12th Edition contains:
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A description of the pathogenesis of asthma, including Figure 36-1: Cellular mechanisms of asthma
A description of the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), including Figure 36-2: Cellular mechanisms in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
A description of the various routes of drug delivery to the lungs, including Figure 36-3: Schematic representation of the deposition of inhaled drugs
The molecular structures of some of the drugs used to treat asthma, COPD, and other pulmonary diseases
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Understand the mechanisms of action of bronchodilator drugs used to relax airway smooth muscle and drugs used to prevent bronchoconstriction.
Understand the anti-inflammatory mechanism of action of corticosteroids, and the role of inhaled and oral corticosteroids in the pharmacotherapy of asthma.
Understand the mechanism of action of mucolytic agents.
Understand the mechanisms of action of antitussive drugs.
Understand the mechanisms of action of drugs used to treat pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH).
Know the untoward effects of the various bronchodilator drugs, corticosteroids, antitussive drugs, and drugs used to treat PAH.
Know which patients should be treated and when treatment should be initiated in patients with asthma, COPD, and PAH.
Know which drugs are most effective in treating patients with asthma, COPD, and PAH.
Know which drugs can be used in combination to treat asthma, COPD, and PAH.
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DRUGS INCLUDED IN THIS CHAPTER
Albuterol (salbutamol; VENTOLIN, PROVENTIL, ACCUNEB, others)
Ambrisentan (LETAIRIS)
Arformoterol (BROVENA)
Beclomethasone dipropionate (QVAR)
Benzonatate (TESSALON, others)
Bosentan (TRACLEER)
Budesonide (PULMICORT, others)
Budesonide/formoterol (SYMBICORT)
Ciclesonide (ALVESCO, OMNARIS)
Codeine
Dextromethorphan
DNAase (dornase alfa, PULMOZYME)
Doxapram (DOPRAM, others)
Epoprostenol (prostacyclin, PGI2; FLOLAN, others)
Flunisolide (AEROBID)
Fluticasone (AEROSPAN, FLOVENT)
Fluticasone/salmeterol (ADVAIR)
Formoterol (FORADIL, others)
Guaifenesin
Hydrocortisone
Iloprost (VENTAVIS)
Indacaterol (ARCAPTA NEOHALER)
Ipratropium bromide (ATROVENT, others)
Ipratropium/albuterol (COMBIVENT, DUONEB, others)
Levalbuterol (XOPENEX)
Metaproterenol (ALUPENT, METAPREL)
Methylprednisolone
Mometasone (ASMANEX)
Montelukast (SINGULAIR)
N-acetylcysteine (MUCOMYST, others)
Omalizumab
Pirbuterol (MAXAIR)
Prednisolone
Prednisone
Salmeterol (SEREVENT)
Sildenafil (REVATIO)
Tadalafil (ADCIRCA)
Terbutaline (BRETHINE, others)
Tiotropium bromide (SPIRIVA)
Treprostinil (REMODULIN, TYVASO)
Triamcinolone (AZMACORT, others)
Zafirlukast (ACCOLATE)
Zileuton (ZYFLO)
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