Section 16: Oncologic Disorders

Section 16: Oncologic Disorders

Which of the following steps are not parts of the multistage process of carcinogenesis?

A. initiation

B. promotion

C. propagation

D. transformation

The answer is C.

A new genetic alteration is identified in an individual patient's resected tumor. The normal gene product appears to inhibit inappropriate cellular growth and proliferation. Which of the following terms adequately classifies the gene?

A. proto-angiogenic gene

B. oncogene

C. tumor suppressor gene

D. DNA repair gene

The answer is C.

A 62-year-old postmenopausal woman with newly diagnosed breast cancer has a 1 cm tumor mass in her left breast. Additional diagnostic tests show the cancer has not spread to the lymph nodes or distant sites. What is the stage of disease for this patient?

A. stage I

B. stage II

C. stage III

D. stage IV

The answer is A.

A 65-year-old man is recently diagnosed with locally advanced colon cancer. The cancer has spread to regional lymph nodes, but not distant sites. The patient undergoes major surgery to remove the tumor. Following surgery, the patient will receive combination chemotherapy. Which of the following best describes the treatment?

A. adjuvant

B. curative

C. induction

D. palliative

The answer is A.

The patient will receive oxaliplatin, fluorouracil, and leucovorin. Leucovorin is included in the chemotherapy regimen to:

A. reduce fluorouracil toxicity

B. increase fluorouracil cytotoxicity

C. reduce oxaliplatin toxicity

D. increase oxaliplatin cytotoxicity

The answer is B.

An average risk 55-year-old premenopausal woman with no smoking history should not be counseled regarding the following procedures as part of routine cancer screening?

A. pap with HPV DNA test, every 5 years