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Source: Mattox TW, Crill CM. Parenteral nutrition. In: DiPiro JT, Talbert RL, Yee GC, Matzke GR, Wells BG, Posey LM, eds. Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach. 10th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2017. http://accesspharmacy.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=1861§ionid=146076679. Accessed March 23, 2017.
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Consider parenteral nutrition (PN) when nutritional requirements cannot be met through use of gastrointestinal (GI) tract (Table 1).
Consider after suboptimal nutritional intake for:
1 day in preterm infants.
2–3 days in term infants.
3–5 days in critically injured children.
5–7 days in other children.
7–14 days in older children and adults.
Route and type of PN depend on patient’s clinical state and expected length of PN therapy.
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