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Source: Devlin JW, Matzke GR. Acid–base disorders. In: DiPiro JT, Talbert RL, Yee GC, Matzke GR, Wells BG, Posey LM, eds. Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach. 10th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2017. http://accesspharmacy.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=1861§ionid=146062232. Accessed August 12, 2017.
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Mechanical ventilation.
COPD
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CLINICAL PRESENTATION
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Confusion.
Difficulty thinking.
Headache.
Severe cases:
Central nervous system (CNS) symptoms include:
Altered mental status.
Abnormal behavior.
Seizures.
Stupor.
Coma.
Increased cardiac output.
Hypercapnia can mimic stroke or CNS tumor by producing:
Headache.
Papilledema.
Focal paresis.
Abnormal reflexes.
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MEANS OF CONFIRMATION AND DIAGNOSIS
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TREATMENT: GENERAL ...