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Questions
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Which of the following is associated with overflow incontinence?
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A. Urine loss during increased intra-abdominal pressure
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B. Loss of moderate to large amounts of urine
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C. Inability to delay voiding upon perceiving a full bladder
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D. Sense of incomplete bladder emptying following voiding
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D. Sense of incomplete bladder emptying following voiding is associated with overflow incontinence due to poor contractility or obstruction around the urethral sphincter.
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A. Urine loss during increased intra abdominal pressure is associated with stress incontinence
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B. Loss of moderate to large amounts of urine is associated with urge incontinence.
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C. Inability to delay voiding after a full bladder is associated with urge incontinence.
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Which of the following typically has no identifiable pathology?
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D. In most women experiencing urge incontinence there is no underlying pathology.
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A. Stress incontinence occurs during periods of elevated intra-abdominal pressure.
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B. Overflow incontinence is caused by bladder underactivity and/or outflow obstruction.
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C. Mixed incontinence can have a number of different underlying pathologies.
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Which of the following pharmacological options is preferred in a woman with stress incontinence?
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C. Vaginal estrogen is the preferred treatment for stress incontinence. It reduces dysuria and frequency but does not reduce the number of incontinent episodes.
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A. Oral estrogen should not be used for stress incontinence. It can exacerbate urinary incontinence and is associated with an increased risk of breast and endometrial cancers.
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B. Anticholinergics act in the bladder to reduce bladder contractility and are used for the treatment of urge incontinence. Anticholinergics should not be used in stress incontinence.
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D. Duloxetine is not approved for treatment of stress incontinence in Canada or the United States. It is reserved as a second- or third-line option in stress incontinence when patients fail other measures and cannot or will not undergo surgery.
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Which of the following has NOT been shown to influence urinary incontinence?
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