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Chapter 44. Hepatitis
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Select the most common mode of transmission for the hepatitis A virus (HAV).
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Answer b is correct. The fecal–oral route is the most common mode of transmission of HAV and often occurs through contact with contaminated food, poor hygienic practices, and in poorly developed countries.
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Answer a is incorrect. Intravenous drug users can acquire HAV through exposure to HAV infected blood but this is not a common mode of transmission.
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Answer c is incorrect. Perinatal transmission is not associated with HAV, but is infrequently associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and very rarely for hepatitis C virus (HCV).
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Answer d is incorrect. Transmission of viral hepatitis from semen is not associated with HAV, but is rarely associated with other viral hepatitis types.
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Which of the following forms of viral hepatitis can be cured with drug therapy?
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d. Viral hepatitis can never be cured.
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Answer c is correct. Hepatitis C can be cured if a patient has no measurable hepatitis C virus (HCV) 6 months after completing treatment.
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Answer a is incorrect. Hepatitis A is an acute infection and patients eventually clear the virus. Hepatitis A virus (HAV) does not develop into a chronic form.
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Answer b is incorrect. Chronic hepatitis B cannot be cured with drug therapy. The goals are to suppress the viral load and to prevent complications (eg, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma).
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Answer d is incorrect. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) can be cured.
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Which of the following represents a rare side effect associated with Twinrix (hepatitis A/B vaccine)?
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a. Stevens-Johnson syndrome
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c. Guillain-Barré syndrome
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Answer c is correct. Guillain-Barré syndrome is a rare side effect associated with Twinrix.
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Answer a is incorrect. Stevens-Johnson syndrome is not a reported side effect of Twinrix.
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Answer b is incorrect. Neuroleptic syndrome is not a reported side effect of Twinrix.
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Answer d is incorrect. Red-man's syndrome is not a reported side effect of Twinrix.
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