Interactive Guide to Physical Examination
Head and Neck

Examination of Ear

The ear examination begins with evaluation of the external ear by inspection and palpation, followed by inspection of the ear canal and tympanic membrane. When inspecting the tympanic membrane, evaluate its color and identify the chief landmarks: the handle and short process of the malleus. Also note the umbo and cone of light which fans downward and anteriorly. The stapes can not be seen through the tympanic membrane although the incus can occasionally be identified. In children, it is often helpful to check for mobility of the membrane. The examination continues with evaluation of auditory acuity and conduction of sound via the Weber and Rinne tests.

View video Click on the video icon to view a demonstration of the ear examination.

View interactive module Click on the interactive icon to review a normal appearing tympanic membrane and selected abnormalities.