TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Nanoparticle Toxicology A1 - Warheit, David B. A1 - Oberdörster, Günter A1 - Kane, Agnes B. A1 - Brown, Scott C. A1 - Klaper, Rebecca D. A1 - Hurt, Robert H. A2 - Klaassen, Curtis D. PY - 2019 T2 - Casarett & Doull’s Toxicology: The Basic Science of Poisons, 9th edition AB - Since the classic talk by Richard Feynman (1960) entitled “There Is Plenty of Room at the Bottom,” nanotechnology has grown to a multibillion dollar industry worldwide, with 1300 nanotechnology-enabled products in commercial use by 2010 (Woodrow Wilson Center, 2012). The potential of adverse effects from exposure to “nanophase materials” was already pointed out earlier (Oberdörster and Ferin, 1992; Oberdörster et al., 1992), and concerns about human and environmental health and safety of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) were initially raised in 2003 (Colvin, 2003). Since then, toxicity of high volume, commercial nanomaterials including nanosilver, fullerenes, quantum dots, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene-based materials, and metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) has been summarized in several reviews (Donaldson et al., 2004; Borm et al., 2006; Nel et al., 2006; Boczkowski and Hoet, 2009; Krug and Wick, 2011; Kunzmann et al., 2011; Sanchez et al., 2012). New ENMs and composites are continually emerging with potential for significant commercial applications in energy generation, environmental sensing and remediation, aerospace and defense, and medical diagnosis and therapy. Examples of nanoscale materials of different shapes and sizes are depicted in Fig. 29-1. Investigations of the magnitude of release of manufactured nanomaterials and their subsequent fate, transport, transformation, and potential for human and environmental exposure and toxicity (Fig. 29-2) have been areas of active research (Mueller and Nowack, 2008; Krug, 2014). SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/28 UR - accesspharmacy.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1158503619 ER -