TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Chapter 20. Upper Respiratory Tract Infections A1 - Sutton, S. Scott A1 - Steadman, Sharm A1 - Rowen, Randall C. A2 - Sutton, S. Scott PY - 2011 T2 - McGraw-Hill's NAPLEX® Review Guide AB - Upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) include otitis media, sinusitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis (croup), rhinitis, and epiglottitis. Most URTIs have a viral etiology and tend to resolve spontaneously; therefore, antibiotics would not be appropriate for the majority of URTIs. Nevertheless, URTIs are responsible for the majority of antibiotics prescribed in ambulatory practice and the cost is significant.1 The cost associated with otitis media has been reported between $3 to $4 billion in the United States.2 The excessive antibiotic use for URTIs has contributed to the development of bacterial resistance.3 Guidelines have been developed to reduce inappropriate antibiotic use for viral URTIs.4 This chapter will focus on acute otitis media, sinusitis, and pharyngitis because they are more frequently associated with bacterial infection and require appropriate antibiotic therapy to minimize complications. SN - PB - The McGraw-Hill Companies CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/28 UR - accesspharmacy.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=7251688 ER -