TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Diagnostic Cardiac Catheterization and Coronary Angiography
A1  - Leopold, Jane A.
A1  - Faxon, David P.
A2  - Jameson, J. Larry
A2  - Fauci, Anthony S.
A2  - Kasper, Dennis L.
A2  - Hauser, Stephen L.
A2  - Longo, Dan L.
A2  - Loscalzo, Joseph
Y1  - 2018
N1  - 
T2  - Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 20e
AB  - Diagnostic  cardiac  catheterization  and  coronary  angiography  are  considered  the  gold  standard  in  the  assessment  of  the  anatomy  and  physiology  of  the  heart  and  its  associated  vasculature.  In  1929,  Forssmann  demonstrated  the  feasibility  of  cardiac  catheterization  in  humans  when  he  passed  a  urological  catheter  from  a  vein  in  his  arm  to  his  right  atrium  and  documented  the  catheter’s  position  in  the  heart  by  x-ray.  In  the  1940s,  Cournand  and  Richards  applied  this  technique  to  patients  with  cardiovascular  disease  to  evaluate  cardiac  function.  These  three  physicians  were  awarded  the  Nobel  Prize  in  1956.  In  1958,  Sones  inadvertently  performed  the  first  selective  coronary  angiography  when  a  catheter  in  the  left  ventricle  slipped  back  across  the  aortic  valve,  engaged  the  right  coronary  artery,  and  power-injected  40  mL  of  contrast  down  the  vessel.  The  resulting  angiogram  provided  superb  anatomic  detail  of  the  artery,  and  the  patient  suffered  no  adverse  effects.  Sones  went  on  to  develop  selective  coronary  catheters,  which  were  modified  further  by  Judkins,  who  developed  preformed  catheters  and  allowed  coronary  artery  angiography  to  gain  widespread  use  as  a  diagnostic  tool.  In  the  United  States,  cardiac  catheterization  is  the  second  most  common  operative  procedure,  with  more  than  1.5  million  procedures  performed  annually.  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill Education
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/16
UR  - accesspharmacy.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1155973366
ER  -