TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Toxic Responses of the Immune System A1 - Kaplan, Barbara L.F. A1 - Sulentic, Courtney E.W. A1 - Haggerty, Helen G. A1 - Holsapple, Michael P. A1 - Kaminski, Norbert E. A2 - Klaassen, Curtis D. A2 - Watkins, John B. Y1 - 2021 N1 - T2 - Casarett & Doull’s Essentials of Toxicology, 4e AB - KEY POINTSImmunity is a series of delicately balanced, complex, multicellular, and physiologic mechanisms that allow an individual to distinguish foreign material from “self” and to neutralize and/or eliminate that foreign matter.Innate immunity, which eliminates most potential pathogens before significant infection occurs, includes physical and biochemical barriers both inside and outside of the body as well as immune cells designed for specific responses.Acquired immunity involves producing a specific immune response to each infectious agent (specificity) and remembering that agent so as to mount a faster response to a future infection by the same agent (memory).Autoimmunity occurs when the reactions of the immune system are directed against the body’s own tissues, resulting in tissue damage and disease.Hypersensitivity reactions require prior exposure leading to sensitization in order to elicit a reaction on subsequent challenge.Immunotoxicology is the study of adverse effects of drugs, environmental chemicals, and, in some instances, biological materials on the immune system resulting from occupational, inadvertent, or therapeutic exposure.Xenobiotics that alter the immune system can upset the balance between immune recognition and destruction of foreign invaders and the proliferation of these microbes and/or cancer cells. SN - PB - McGraw Hill CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/28 UR - accesspharmacy.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1178014486 ER -