TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Toxic Responses of the Heart and Vascular System A1 - Campen, Matthew J. A2 - Klaassen, Curtis D. A2 - Watkins, John B. Y1 - 2021 N1 - T2 - Casarett & Doull’s Essentials of Toxicology, 4e AB - KEY POINTSTypical chemical-induced disturbances in cardiac function consist of effects on heart rate (chronotropic), contractility (inotropic), conductivity (dromotropic), and/or excitability (bathmotropic).Any xenobiotic that disrupts ion movement or homeostasis may induce a cardiotoxic reaction composed principally of disturbances in heart rhythm.All toxicants absorbed into the circulatory system contact vascular cells before reaching other sites in the body.Common mechanisms of vascular toxicity include (1) alterations in membrane structure and function, (2) redox stress, (3) vessel-specific bioactivation of protoxicants, and (4) preferential accumulation of the active toxin in vascular cells. SN - PB - McGraw Hill CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/29 UR - accesspharmacy.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1178015532 ER -