TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Upper Respiratory Tract Infections A1 - Santibañez, Melissa A1 - Reeves, Anthony Allen A2 - Sutton, S. Scott Y1 - 2020 N1 - T2 - McGraw Hill’s NAPLEX® Review Guide, 4e AB - Bacterial upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) include acute otitis media (AOM), acute bacterial rhinosinusitis, and acute pharyngitis. However, most URTIs have a viral etiology and resolve spontaneously, making antibiotics unnecessary for most URTIs. Nevertheless, most antibiotics used in ambulatory practice are prescribed for URTIs. This prescribing practice is increasingly concerning from an antimicrobial stewardship perspective given that unnecessary use and overuse of antibiotics contributes to the development of bacterial resistance. The Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) have developed guidelines to reduce inappropriate antimicrobial use for viral URTIs. This chapter will focus on AOM, acute bacterial rhinosinusitis, and acute pharyngitis because they are more frequently associated with bacterial infections and necessitate appropriate antibiotic therapy to minimize adverse clinical and microbiological outcomes. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/28 UR - accesspharmacy.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1179734040 ER -