TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Glossary
A1  - Ducharme, Murray P.
A1  - Shargel, Leon
Y1  - 2022
N1  - 
T2  - Shargel and Yu's Applied Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, 8e
AB  - Table  Graphic  Jump  Location|Download  (.pdf)|PrintA,  B,  CPreexponential  constants  for  three-compartment  model  equationαProbability  of  making  a  type  1  errorβProbability  of  making  a  type  2  errorα,  β,  γExponents  for  three-compartment  model  equationλ1,  λ2,  λ3,  …λzExponents  for  three-compartment-type  exponential  equation  (more  terms  may  be  added  and  indexed  numerically  with  subscripts  for  multiexponential  models),  and  exponent  describing  the  last  terminal  phase  (λz)  regardless  of  the  total  number  of  exponents  needed.Delta  (Δ)Delta  is  sometimes  referred  to  as  the  “effect  size”  and  is  a  measure  of  the  degree  of  difference  between  tested  population  samplesμ0The  null  hypothesis  value  for  the  meanμaμa  is  the  alternative  hypothesis  value  expected  for  the  meanχ2Chi-square  testAb∞Total  amount  of  drug  in  the  bodyABCATP-binding  cassetteABCB1Gene  coding  for  p-Glycoprotein;  see  also  MDR1ABWActual  body  weightADMEAbsorption,  distribution,  metabolism,  and  excretionAEAdverse  eventAeijAmount  of  drug  excreted  from  time  i  to  time  j  (usually  in  urine  or  feces)Ae(m)ijAmount  of  metabolite  excreted  from  time  i  to  time  j  (usually  in  urine  or  feces)ANCOVAAnalyses  of  covarianceANOVAAnalysis  of  varianceAPIActive  pharmaceutical  ingredientARAbsolute  riskARIAbsolute  risk  increaseAUCArea  under  the  concentration–time  curveAUCinf,  AUC0-inf,  Area  under  the  concentration–time  curve  extrapolated  to  infinite  timeAUC0-t,  Area  under  the  concentration–time  curve  from  time  0  to  the  last  measurable  drug  concentration  at  time  tAUCtau,  AUCτArea  under  the  concentration–time  curve  over  the  dosing  intervalAUCtau(ss),  AUCτ(ss)Area  under  the  concentration–time  curve  at  steady  stateAUMCArea  under  the  (first)  moment–time  curveBABioavailabilityBCSBiopharmaceutics  Classification  SystemBDDCSBiopharmaceutics  Drug  Disposition  Classification  SystemBEBioequivalence,  BioequivalentBMBiomarkerBMIBody  mass  indexBRCPBreast  cancer–resistance  proteinBUNBlood  urea  nitrogenCConcentration  (mass/volume)CaDrug  concentration  in  arterial  plasmaCav(ss),  Average  steady-state  plasma  drug  concentrationCpConcentration  of  drug  in  plasmaScreatSerum  creatinine  concentration,  in  American  units  expressed  as  mg/dLCEClinical  endpointCeffEffective  drug  concentrationCGIConcentration  of  drug  in  gastrointestinal  tractCIConfidence  intervalCmConcentration  of  metaboliteCmaxMaximum  concentrationCmax(SS),  Maximum  concentration  of  drug  at  steady  stateCminMinimum  concentration  of  drugCmin(SS)Minimum  concentration  of  drug  at  steady  stateConcentration  of  drug  in  plasma  at  zero  time  (t  =  0)  (equivalent  to  C0)Css,  Steady-state  plasma  drug  concentrationCtConcentration  of  drug  in  tissueCFRCode  of  Federal  RegulationscGMPCurrent  Good  Manufacturing  PracticesCKDChronic  kidney  diseaseCL,  CLTTotal  body  clearanceCLCRCreatinine  clearanceCLDDistributional  clearanceCLDIALDialysis  clearanceCDDCritical  dose  drugCLHHepatic  clearanceCLint,  CLint(u)Intrinsic  clearance,  unbound  intrinsic  clearanceCL(m)Clearance  of  metaboliteCLfFormation  clearance  of  parent  to  a  metaboliteCLNRNonrenal  clearanceCLRRenal  clearanceCLuClearance  of  unbound  drugCMCChemistry,  manufacturing,  and  controlCRFCase  report  form%CVPercent  coefficient  of  variationCYPPrefix  of  formerly  called  “cytochrome  P-450  enzymes,”  which  are  involved  in  the  biotransformation  of  drugsDAmount  of  drug  (mass,  eg,  mg)DAAmount  of  drug  absorbedDBAmount  of  drug  in  bodyDGIAmount  of  drug  in  gastrointestinal  tractDLLoading  (initial)  doseDMMaintenance  doseDNADeoxyribonucleic  acidDNNormal  doseXcAmount  of  drug  in  central  compartmentXtAmount  of  drug  in  tissueXuAmount  of  drug  in  urineD0,  DDose  of  drugD0Amount  of  drug  at  zero  time  (t  =  0)E,  ERExtraction  ratioEAAbsorption  extraction  ratioEGGut  extraction  ratioEHHepatic  extraction  ratioEPharmacological  effecteGFREstimate  of  GFR  based  on  an  MDRD  equationEmaxMaximum  pharmacologic  effectE0Pharmacologic  effect  at  zero  drug  concentrationEC50Drug  concentration  that  produces  50%  of  the  maximum  pharmacological  effectEMAEuropean  Medicines  AgencyFFraction  of  dose  bioavailableFAFraction  of  dose  absorbedFGFraction  of  dose  absorbed  that  is  not  metabolized  in  the  gut  wallFHFraction  of  dose  absorbed,  that  is  not  metabolized  in  the  gut  wall,  and  that  is  not  metabolized  in  the  liverfeFraction  of  drug  excreted  unchanged  in  urinefmFraction  of  parent  drug  converted  to  a  metabolitefuUnbound  fraction  of  drugFDAUS  Food  and  Drug  Administrationf(t)Function  representing  drug  elimination  over  time  (time  is  the  independent  variable)f′(t)Derivative  of  ...
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill Education
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/19
UR  - accesspharmacy.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1188772474
ER  -