TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Prothrombin Complex Concentrates and Direct Oral Anticoagulant Antidotes
A1  - Chen, Betty C.
A1  - Su, Mark K.
A2  - Nelson, Lewis S.
A2  - Howland, Mary Ann
A2  - Lewin, Neal A.
A2  - Smith, Silas W.
A2  - Goldfrank, Lewis R.
A2  - Hoffman, Robert S.
PY  - 2019
T2  - Goldfrank's Toxicologic Emergencies, 11e
AB  - Prothrombin  complex  concentrate  (PCC)  is  a  lyophilized  powder  that  ­consists  of  coagulation  factors  II,  VII,  IX,  and  X  in  addition  to  other  factors  and  additives.  Prothrombin  complex  concentrates  come  in  two  forms,  activated  and  nonactivated.  Activated  PCCs  (aPCCs)  are  typically  used  to  treat  hemophilia,  and  formulations  consist  of  a  mixture  of  nonactivated  and  activated  factors.  Nonactivated  factors  require  activation  by  the  other  cofactors  to  function  in  the  coagulation  cascade.  In  the  United  States,  nonactivated  PCCs  are  available  in  both  four-factor  and  three-factor  formulations  (4F-PCC  and  3F-PCC,  respectively).  Prothrombin  complex  concentrates  are  also  widely  available  in  Europe,  Asia,  and  Australia.  In  addition  to  clotting  factors,  4F-PCC  contains  heparin  and  antithrombotic  factors  C  and  S.13  Three-­factor  PCC  contains  only  small  amounts  of  factor  VII  and  heparin.16  Although  some  direct  oral  anticoagulants  (DOACs)  now  have  a  reversal  agent,  PCCs  are  still  used  to  attempt  rapid  reversal  of  DOAC-induced  coagulopathy.  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill Education
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/23
UR  - accesspharmacy.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1163002555
ER  -