RT Book, Section
A1 King, Michael W.
SR Print(0)
ID 1122104201
T1 Lipids: Lipoproteins
T2 Integrative Medical Biochemistry Examination and Board Review
YR 2014
FD 2014
PB McGraw-Hill Education
PP New York, NY
SN 9780071786126
LK accesspharmacy.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1122104201
RD 2024/04/20
AB High-Yield  TermsLipoprotein:  complex  of  variable  protein  and  lipid  composition  responsible  for  transport  of  fats  throughout  the  bodyApolipoprotein:  lipid-binding  proteins  of  lipoprotein  complexesApolipoprotein  A-IV  (apoA-IV):  synthesized  in  intestines  and  hypothalamus,  synthesis  increased  upon  fat  consumption,  inhibits  desire  for  food  intakeChylomicron:  lipoprotein  complex  generated  from  dietary  lipids  within  the  enterocytes  of  the  intestinesVLDL:  lipoprotein  complex  generated  from  endogenous  (or  dietary)  lipids  within  the  liver,  circulation  in  the  vasculature  leads  to  progressive  loss  of  fatty  acids  converting  these  lipoproteins  to  IDL  and  finally  LDLHDL:  high-density  lipoprotein  involved  in  the  removal  of  cholesterol  from  peripheral  tissue  for  return  to  the  liver;  the  process  is  referred  to  as  reverse  cholesterol  transport  (RCT)Space  of  Disse:  the  space  between  hepatic  sinusoidal  endothelium  and  hepatocytes,  LDL  and  chylomicron  remnants  can  be  modified  here  prior  to  binding  receptors  on  hepatocytesAcyl-CoA-cholesterol  acyltransferase  (ACAT):  key  intracellular  enzyme  for  esterifying  cholesterolLecithin:cholesterol  acyltransferase  (LCAT)  ratio:  key  HDL-associated  enzyme  involved  in  the  esterification  of  cholesterol,  removed  from  peripheral  tissue,  prior  to  exchange  for  triglyceride  with  VLDL  and  LDLCholesterol  ester  transfer  protein  (CETP):  HDL-associated  protein  that  transfers  cholesterol  esters  from  HDLs  to  VLDL  and  LDL  in  exchange  of  triglycerides  from  the  VLDL/LDL  to  HDLParaoxonases  (PON):  HDL-associated  enzymes  that  impart  antioxidant  activity  of  HDL  toward  LDLLipoprotein-associated  phospholipase  A2  (Lp-PLA2):  is  one  of  2  forms  of  platelet-activating  factor  acetylhydrolase  (PAF-AH),  major  HDL-associated  hydrolase  that  is  responsible  for  the  hydrolysis  of  oxidized  phospholipidsLipoprotein(a)  (Lp[a]):  clinically  significant  apolipoprotein  disulfide  bonded  to  apoB-100  in  LDL,  easily  oxidized  and  phagocytosed  by  macrophages-enhancing  pro-inflammatory  responses,  inhibits  the  process  of  fibrin  clot  dissolution