RT Book, Section A1 Renslo, Adam A2 Renslo, Adam SR Print(0) ID 1124842806 T1 Reactions of Carbonyl Species T2 The Organic Chemistry of Medicinal Agents YR 2016 FD 2016 PB McGraw-Hill Education PP New York, NY SN 9780071794213 LK accesspharmacy.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1124842806 RD 2024/10/14 AB In this chapter we explore the structure and reactivity of the carbonyl (C=O) bond and related carbon–heteroatom (C=X) double bonds. These functional groups are ubiquitous in both biological molecules and in the structures of drugs. A prominent example in biological molecules is the amide bond (peptide bond), which serves as the structural backbone of proteins and also helps determine how proteins fold into the specific three-dimensional shapes that lead to function. Other biological molecules containing ketone or thioester functions are involved in cellular metabolism and in sterol biosynthesis in animals and terpene biosynthesis in plants.