RT Book, Section A1 Yaksh, Tony A1 Wallace, Mark A2 Brunton, Laurence L. A2 Hilal-Dandan, Randa A2 Knollmann, Björn C. SR Print(0) ID 1162536611 T1 Opioids, Analgesia, and Pain Management T2 Goodman & Gilman's: The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 13e YR 2017 FD 2017 PB McGraw-Hill Education PP New York, NY SN 9781259584732 LK accesspharmacy.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1162536611 RD 2024/03/28 AB AbbreviationsAAG: α1-acid glycoproteinAC: adenylyl cyclaseACE: angiotensin-converting enzymeACh: acetylcholineACTH: corticotropin; formerly adrenocorticotropic hormoneADH: antidiuretic hormoneADME: absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretionAT1: angiotensin II receptor, type 1ATC: around the clockBBB: blood-brain barrierCaMK: Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinaseCDC: Centers for Disease Control and PreventionCLIP: corticotropin-like intermediate lobe peptideCNS: central nervous systemCOPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseCOX: cyclooxygenaseCRH: corticotropin-releasing hormoneCSF: cerebrospinal fluidCYP: cytochrome P450DA: dopamineDAMGO: [D-Ala2,MePhe4,Gly(ol)5]enkephalinDHEA: dehydroepiandrosteroneDOR: δ opioid receptorDYN: dynorphinEEG: electroencephalogramβ-END: β-endorphinL-ENK: Leu-enkephalinER/LA: extended-release/long-acting (a)FDA: Food and Drug AdministrationFSH: follicle-stimulating hormoneGABA: γ-aminobutyric acidGI: gastrointestinalGIRK: G protein–activated inwardly rectifying K+ channelGnRH: gonadotropin-releasing hormoneGPCR: G protein-coupled receptorGRK: GPCR kinaseHPA: hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal5HT: serotoninIM: intramuscularIP3: inositol triphosphateIV: intravenousJNK: c-Jun N-terminal kinaseKOR: κ opioid receptorLH: luteinizing hormoneLPH: lipotropin6-MAM: 6-monoacetylmorphineMAO: monoamine oxidaseMAP: mitogen-activated proteinM-ENK: Met-enkephalinMME: morphine milligram equivalentMOR: μ opioid receptorMSH: melanocyte-stimulating hormoneNAc: nucleus accumbensNE: norepinephrineα-NEO: α neoendorphinNF-κB: nuclear factor kappa BNMDA:N-methyl-D-aspartateNOP: nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) receptorNSAID: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugPAG: periaqueductal grayPCA: patient-controlled anesthesiaPDMP: prescription drug monitoring programPFC: prefrontal cortexPI3K: phosphoinositide 3 kinasePK: protein kinasePLC: phospholipase CPOMC: pro-opiomelanocortinpre-proDYN: pre-prodynorphinpre-ProENK: pre-proenkephalinSNRI: serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitorSSRI: selective serotonin reuptake inhibitorTM: transmembraneVP: ventral pallidumVTA: ventral tegmental area