RT Book, Section A1 Weil, P. Anthony A2 Rodwell, Victor W. A2 Bender, David A. A2 Botham, Kathleen M. A2 Kennelly, Peter J. A2 Weil, P. Anthony SR Print(0) ID 1160191039 T1 Protein Synthesis & the Genetic Code T2 Harper's Illustrated Biochemistry, 31e YR 2018 FD 2018 PB McGraw-Hill Education PP New York, NY SN 9781259837937 LK accesspharmacy.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1160191039 RD 2024/03/28 AB OBJECTIVESAfter studying this chapter, you should be able to:Understand that the genetic code is a three-letter nucleotide code, which is contained within the linear array of the exon DNA (composed of triplets of A, G, C, and T) of protein coding genes, and that this three-letter code is translated into mRNA (composed of triplets of A, G, C, and U) to specify the linear order of amino acid addition during protein synthesis via the process of translation.Appreciate that the universal genetic code is degenerate, unambiguous, nonoverlapping, and punctuation free.Explain that the genetic code is composed of 64 codons, 61 of which encode amino acids while 3 induce the termination of protein synthesis.Describe how the transfer RNAs (tRNAs) serve as the ultimate informational agents that decode the genetic code of messenger RNAs (mRNAs).Understand the mechanism of the energy-intensive process of protein synthesis that occurs on RNA-protein complexes termed ribosomes.Appreciate that protein synthesis, like DNA replication and transcription, is precisely controlled through the action of multiple accessory factors that are responsive to multiple extra- and intracellular regulatory signaling inputs.