RT Book, Section
A1 Reed, Brent N.
A1 Rodgers, Jo E.
A2 Sutton, S. Scott
SR Print(0)
ID 1158313208
T1 Chronic Heart Failure
T2 McGraw-Hill's NAPLEX® Review Guide, 3e
YR 2019
FD 2019
PB McGraw-Hill Education
PP New York, NY
SN 9781260135923
LK accesspharmacy.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1158313208
RD 2024/04/18
AB Heart  failure  (HF)  is  a  syndrome  of  reduced  cardiac  output  (CO)  resulting  from  impaired  ventricular  ejection,  impaired  filling,  or  components  of  both.  HF  with  reduced  ejection  fraction  (HFrEF)  was  formerly  known  as  systolic  dysfunction  whereas  HF  with  impaired  filling  or  HF  with  preserved  ejection  fraction  (HFpEF)  was  formerly  known  as  diastolic  dysfunction.  Although  half  of  HF  cases  are  due  to  HFpEF,  the  majority  of  studies  enrolled  patients  with  HFrEF.  Chronic  HFrEF  management  includes  lifestyle  modifications,  medications,  and  implantable  devices.  However,  there  are  few  therapeutic  approaches  for  HFpEF  management.