RT Book, Section A1 Hecht, Keith A. A2 Sutton, S. Scott SR Print(0) ID 1158313722 T1 Oncology Overview and Supportive Care T2 McGraw-Hill's NAPLEX® Review Guide, 3e YR 2019 FD 2019 PB McGraw-Hill Education PP New York, NY SN 9781260135923 LK accesspharmacy.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1158313722 RD 2023/02/07 AB Modern medical science has led to significant improvement in survival and quality of life for individuals with neoplastic (neoplasm) conditions. Neoplasm (tumor or cancer) is an abnormal mass of tissue, the growth of which exceeds and is uncoordinated with that of normal tissues and persists after cessation of the stimuli which evoked the change. The key feature of cancer is unregulated cell division and growth, secondary to the loss of normal control mechanisms that govern cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation. Benign tumors are limited to the tissue of origin and do not invade surrounding tissue. Their dangerous counterpart, malignant tumors can invade local tissues and undergo distant spread (metastasis). Malignant tumors (often referred to as cancer) are predominantly of two types, solid tumors and hematologic malignancies. Solid tumors include various types of cancer, typically arising from a specific organ or site. They are characterized by their initial location as well as their cell of origin, including carcinomas (of epithelial origin) and the sarcomas (of connective tissue origin, mesenchymal origin). Hematologic malignancies include cancers that arise from cells in the hematopoietic cascade and are most commonly categorized as leukemias, lymphomas, or myeloma.