RT Book, Section
A1 Katzung, Bertram G.
A2 Katzung, Bertram G.
A2 Vanderah, Todd W.
SR Print(0)
ID 1203377600
T1 Introduction to Autonomic Pharmacology
T2 Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, 15e
YR 2021
FD 2021
PB McGraw-Hill
PP New York, NY
SN 9781260452310
LK accesspharmacy.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1203377600
RD 2024/04/20
AB CASE  STUDYA  56-year-old  woman  is  brought  to  the  university  eye  center  with  a  complaint  of  “loss  of  vision.”  Because  of  visual  impairment,  she  has  lost  her  driver’s  license  and  has  fallen  several  times  in  her  home.  Examination  reveals  that  her  eyelids  close  involuntarily  with  a  frequency  and  duration  sufficient  to  prevent  her  from  seeing  her  surroundings  for  more  than  brief  moments  at  a  time.  When  she  holds  her  eyelids  open  with  her  fingers,  she  can  see  normally.  She  has  no  other  muscle  dysfunction.  A  diagnosis  of  blepharospasm  is  made.  Using  a  fine  needle,  several  injections  of  botulinum  toxin  type  A  are  made  in  the  orbicularis  oculi  muscle  of  each  eyelid.  After  observation  in  the  waiting  area,  she  is  sent  home.  Two  days  later,  she  reports  by  telephone  that  her  vision  has  improved  dramatically.  How  did  botulinum  toxin  improve  her  vision?  How  long  can  her  vision  be  expected  to  remain  normal  after  this  single  treatment?