RT Book, Section A1 Schnellmann, Rick G. A2 Klaassen, Curtis D. A2 Watkins, John B. SR Print(0) ID 1178014769 T1 Toxic Responses of the Kidney T2 Casarett & Doull’s Essentials of Toxicology, 4e YR 2021 FD 2021 PB McGraw Hill PP New York, NY SN 9781260452297 LK accesspharmacy.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1178014769 RD 2024/03/28 AB KEY POINTSThe kidney contributes to total body homeostasis via its role in the excretion of metabolic wastes, the synthesis and release of renin and erythropoietin, and the regulation of extracellular fluid volume, electrolyte composition, and acid–base balance.Xenobiotics in the systemic circulation will be delivered to the kidney in relatively high amounts.The processes that concentrate urine also serve to concentrate potential toxicants in the tubular fluid.Renal transport, accumulation, and biotransformation of xenobiotics contribute to the susceptibility of the kidney to toxic injury.Numerous nephrotoxicants cause mitochondrial dysfunction via compromised respiration and ATP production, or some other cellular process, leading to either apoptosis or necrosis.Vitamin D3 is metabolized to the active 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 form.