RT Book, Section A1 Kang, Y. James A2 Klaassen, Curtis D. A2 Watkins, John B. SR Print(0) ID 6483912 T1 Chapter 18. Toxic Responses of the Heart and Vascular System T2 Casarett & Doull's Essentials of Toxicology, 2e YR 2010 FD 2010 PB The McGraw-Hill Companies PP New York, NY SN 978-0-07-162240-0 LK accesspharmacy.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=6483912 RD 2024/03/28 AB Typical chemical-induced disturbances in cardiac function consist of effects on heart rate (chronotropic), contractility (inotropic), conductivity (dromotropic), and/or excitability (bathmotropic).Any xenobiotic that disrupts ion movement or homeostasis may induce a cardiotoxic reaction composed principally of disturbances in heart rhythm.All toxicants absorbed into the circulatory system contact vascular cells before reaching other sites in the body.Common mechanisms of vascular toxicity include (1) alterations in membrane structure and function; (2) redox stress; (3) vessel-specific bioactivation of protoxicants; and (4) preferential accumulation of the active toxin in vascular cells.