RT Book, Section
A1 Watkins III, John B.
A2 Klaassen, Curtis D.
A2 Watkins, John B.
SR Print(0)
ID 6486460
T1 Chapter 26. Toxic Effects of Terrestrial Animal Venoms and Poisons
T2 Casarett & Doull's Essentials of Toxicology, 2e
YR 2010
FD 2010
PB The McGraw-Hill Companies
PP New York, NY
SN 978-0-07-162240-0
LK accesspharmacy.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=6486460
RD 2024/04/19
AB Venomous  animals  produce  poison  in  a  highly  developed  secretory  gland  or  group  of  cells  and  can  deliver  their  toxin  during  a  biting  or  stinging  act.Poisonous  animals  are  those  whose  tissues,  either  in  part  or  in  their  entirety,  are  toxic.  Poisoning  usually  takes  place  through  ingestion.The  bioavailability  of  a  venom  is  determined  by  its  composition,  molecular  size,  amount  or  concentration  gradient,  solubility,  degree  of  ionization,  and  the  rate  of  blood  flow  into  that  tissue  as  well  as  the  properties  of  the  engulfing  surface  itself.The  distribution  of  most  venom  fractions  is  rather  unequal,  being  affected  by  protein  binding,  variations  in  pH,  and  membrane  permeability,  among  other  factors.A  venom  may  also  be  metabolized  in  several  or  many  different  tissues.Because  of  their  protein  composition,  many  toxins  produce  an  antibody  response;  this  response  is  essential  in  producing  antisera.